A Study to Evaluate The Effect of Bone Density on Abutment Screw Loosening Using The Finite Element Method
The success of implant therapy is influenced by multiple factors that impact the bone-implant, implant-abutment, and abutment-prosthesis connections. How stress is distributed in the bone is a key determinant of whether dental implants succeed or fail. This study aimed to examine how bone density affects the fatigue of abutment screws. This laboratory-based experimental study utilized a three-dimensional bone model with two distinct densities, a Dentis one'Q implant, an inclined cyclic force of 100 N applied at a 30-degree angle, and positioned four millimeters above the implant platform. The analysis was conducted using the three-dimensional finite element method in Abaqus software. The implant and abutment were of standard size, and stress measurements were taken at five locations on the abutment screw:
Point A (beneath the screw head), Point B (middle of the screw neck), Point C (first thread), Point D (middle of the threads), and Point E (last thread), over time. The data underwent statistical analysis using Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests. A significant increase (p < 0.001) in the mean von Mises stress was observed in loose bone. The forces acting on the implant system were greater in dense bone, leading to increased abutment screw deformation and consequently a reduced fatigue life of the screw. Given that the total force applied to the implant system remains the same in both loose and dense bone, the greater transmission of force from the abutment to loose bone lessens the force impact within the implant-abutment system and the abutment screw.ABSTRACT
Introduction and Objective
Materials and Methods
Results
Conclusion
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