Editorial Type:
Article Category: Research Article
 | 
Online Publication Date: 13 Feb 2024

Investigation of the Clinical Effects of Peri-Implant Gingival Morphology on Tissue Health

DDS, PhD and
DDS, PhD
Page Range: 548 – 555
DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-D-23-00084
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This study aims to determine the gingival phenotype around dental implants and the clinical evaluation of the existing phenotype in relation to the tissue health around the implant. Included were 202 dental implants applied to 60 individuals who applied to our service and had at least 1 implant in the mouth, whose prosthetic restoration was completed at least 1 year ago. The effects of keratinized mucosa width (KMW) and gingival thickness (GT), which form the gingival phenotype, on clinical periodontal parameters were evaluated with the obtained data. Of the implants included in the study, 115 were found to have adequate KMW and 87 had insufficient KMW. At the same time, the GT around 74 implants was found to be thick, and the GT around 128 implants was found to be thin. The KMW of those with thin GT was lower than those with thick GT. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BoP), probing depth (PD), gingival recession (GR), and suppuration (SuP) were found to be low in those with adequate KMW. GI, BoP, PD, GR, and SuP were low in patients with thick GT, but there was no significant difference between GT and PI. KMW and GT were associated with peri-implant tissue inflammation and GR. To maintain the health of the peri-implant tissues, it is recommended to have a KMW of at least 2 mm and a thick gingiva.

Figure 1.
Figure 1.

Williams probe, HU-Friedy CPU 15 UNC.


Figure 2.
Figure 2.

Silness-Löe index. The measurement of the state of oral hygiene by the Silness-Löe plaque index is based on recording both soft debris and mineralized deposits on the following teeth.


Figure 3.
Figure 3.

Listing of all grooves and pits found on the occlusal surface of the mandibular first molar.


Figure 4.
Figure 4.

Schematic representation of a periodontal pocket. CEJ, cementoenamel junction.


Figure 5.
Figure 5.

Schematic representation of keratinized mucous width.


Contributor Notes

Corresponding author, e-mail: ebrusaribas@yahoo.com
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