Efficacy of Antibiotic Versus Probiotics As Adjuncts to Mechanical Debridement for the Treatment of Peri-Implant Mucositis
The objective was to compare the efficiency of probiotic therapy (PT) vs antibiotic therapy (AT) as adjuvants to nonsurgical-mechanical debridement (NSMD) for the treatment of peri-implant mucositis (Pi-M). Volunteers with Pi-M were encompassed. Therapeutically, patients were randomly divided into 3 groups: (a) Group 1: NSMD + PT; (b) Group 2: NSMD + AT; and (c) Group 3: NSMD alone. Peri-implant plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and crestal bone loss (CBL) were recorded at baseline and at 3 and 6 months follow-up. P < .05 was selected as the indicator of statistical significance. Forty-two male individuals (14, 14, and 14 in Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively) were included. At 3 and 6 months of follow-up, PI (P < .01), BOP (P < .01), and PD (P < .01) were higher in Group 2 than Group 1. At 3 months of follow-up, PI (P < .01), BOP (P < .01), and PD (P < .01) were higher in Group 3 than Group 2. At 6 months of follow-up, PI, BOP, and PD were comparable in Groups 2 and 3. In Group 3, PI, BOP, and PD were comparable with the respective baseline values at 6 months of follow-up. The CBL in all groups remained unchanged up to 6 months of follow-up. The NSMD with adjuvant PT is more effective than adjunct AT for the treatment of Pi-M for up to 3 months.
Randomization of study groups.
Mean (± SD) of peri-implant plaque index (PI) (dark grey bars) and bleeding on probing (BOP) (light grey bars) at baseline and at 3 and 6 mo. *In contrast to PI at 3 (P < .01) and 6 mo (P < .01) in Group 1; †In contrast to BOP at 3 (P < .01) and 6 mo (P < .01) in Group 1; ‡In contrast to PI at 3 (P < .01) and 6 mo (P < .01) in Group 2; §In contrast to BOP at 3 (P < .01) and 6 mo (P < .01) in Group 2; ‖In contrast to PI at 3 mo in Group 3 (P < .01); ¶In contrast to BOP at 3 mo in Group 3 (P < .01); #In contrast to PI in Group 2 at 3 (P < .01) and 6 mo (P < .01); **In contrast to BOP in Group 2 at 3 (P < .01) and 6 mo (P < .01); ††In contrast to PI at 3 (P < .01) and 6 mo (P < .01) in Group 3; ‡‡In contrast to BOP at 3 (P < .01) and 6 mo (P < .01) in Group 3; §§In contrast to PI in Group 3 at 3 (P < .01) and 6 mo (P < .01); ‖‖In contrast to BOP in Group 3 at 3 (P < .01) and 6 mo (P < .01).
Mean (± SD) of peri-implant probing depth index (PD) (dark grey bars) and mesiodistal crestal-bone-loss (light grey and dotted bars, respectively) at baseline and at 3 and 6 mo. *In contrast to PD at 3 (P < .01) and 6 mo (P < .01) in Group 1; †In contrast to PD at 6 mo in Group 1 (P < .01); ‡In contrast to PD at 3 (P < .01) and 6 mo (P < .01) in Group 2; §In contrast to PD at 6 mo in Group 2 (P < .01); ‖In contrast to PD at 3 mo in Group 3 (P < .01); ¶In contrast to PD at 3 and 6 mo in Groups 2 (P < .01) and 3 (P < .01).
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