Editorial Type:
Article Category: Research Article
 | 
Online Publication Date: 07 Jan 2020

Effect of Different Implant-Abutment Connection Materials on the Fracture Resistance of Zirconia Abutments

BSc, BDS, MDS and
BDS, MDS
Page Range: 88 – 92
DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-D-19-00192
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The aim of the present in vitro study was to assess the modes of failures under static load among titanium (Ti) and 1- and 2-piece zirconia abutments. The 1- and 2-piece zirconia abutment specimens were fabricated from prescanned Ti abutments. Twenty-one implant abutments and 21 implant replicas were equally divided into 3 groups as follows: (a) Group 1 (Titanium group); (b) Group 2 (1-piece zirconia abutment group); and (c) Group 3: 2-piece zirconia abutment group). A 250 000-cycle linear fatigue load ranging between 10 N and 210 N was applied to all specimens using an all-electric dynamic test instrument. The specimens were loaded until they fractured. In all groups, assessment of mode of fracture was done on visual assessment by a trained and calibrated investigator. Prior sample-size estimation was performed; and sample distribution was assessed using the Kolmogorov and Shapiro tests. Screw fracture (n = 7) and abutment bending at the apical part (n = 7) occurred in the Ti group. In the 1-piece zirconia group, screw and abutment fractures occurred in 7 and 7 cases, respectively. In the 2-piece zirconia screw fracture (n = 7) above the Ti zirconia junction (transgingival segment) and abutment fracture (n = 7) were determined as the failure modes. In vitro, the 1-piece zirconia abutments are more fracture resistant than titanium and 2-piece zirconia abutments. From a clinical perspective, further studies are needed to determine the minimum static load value required to induce fracture of the 1- and 2-piece zirconia abutments.

Figure 1.
Figure 1.

Illustration of (a) 1-piece and (b) 2-piece zirconia abutments.


Figure 2.
Figure 2.

Abutments and their implant replicas. (a) Titanium, (b) 1-piece zirconia, and (c) 2-piece zirconia.


Figure 3.
Figure 3.

Implant abutment (a) titanium, (b) 1-piece zirconia, and (c) 2-piece zirconia mounted in the metal jig for a load to fracture.


Contributor Notes

Corresponding author, e-mail: implantologist@yahoo.com
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