Vertical Bone Augmentation With Simultaneous Implant Placement Using Particulate Mineralized Bone and Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Preliminary Study in Rabbit
This study aimed to assess vertical bone augmentation with simultaneous implant placement in rabbit tibiae using particulate mineralized bone/fibrin glue/mesenchymal stem cell. Bone marrow was aspirated from tibiae of five 10-week-old New Zealand White male rabbits. Right and left tibiae of each rabbit were prepared, and a 3-mm protruding implant from tibial bone was placed in each side. Particulate allogenic bone/fibrin glue/mesenchymal stem cell combination was placed around test implants and particulate bone graft/fibrin glue around controls. Two months postoperatively, the animals were euthanized, and sections were prepared for histological analysis. The mean amount of vertical bone length was higher in the experimental group than the control group (2.09 mm vs 1.03 mm; P < .05). New supracrestal trabecular bone formation was also significantly higher in the test group (28.5 ± 4.5% vs 4.3 ±1.8%; P < .05). Mesenchymal stem cell/particulate allograft/fibrin glue appears to be a promising combination for vertical bone augmentation around simultaneously inserted implants in rabbit tibia.
(a) Partially inserted implant in rabbit tibia, with the microthread parts placed supra-tibial. (b) The application of mesenchymal stem cells/fibrin glue/particulate mineralized bone material around partially inserted implant supported with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene.
Rabbit marrow cell culture. (a) Subconfluent culture. (b) Confluent culture. The cells were fibroblastic in appearance.
Differentiation potential of the rabbit bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells. (a,b) Alizarin red staining of osteogenic culture and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of bone-specific genes. (c, d) Adipogenic culture stained with oil red and the RT-PCR analysis for adipogenic gene markers. (e, f) Toluidine blue staining of the sections prepared from chondrogenic cultures and RT-PCR analysis of cartilage-related genes.
Figure 4. Histological sections of the control group after 8 weeks. (a) The whole implant body length revealing the partially inserted implant in the tibia (hematoxylin & eosin stain; original magnification ×8). (b, c) Fibrous connective tissue over the augmented area (original magnification ×12). Figure 5. Histological sections of the group treated with mesenchymal stem cells after 8 weeks. (a) The emergence of the new bone over the native tibia could be seen. The trabecular bone was regenerated around the microthread part of the implant, tibia, and overlying connective tissue (hematoxylin & eosin stain; original magnification ×8). (b, c) Original magnification ×12.
Contributor Notes